SAÍRAS, GATURAMOS, SANHAÇOS E AFINS DO BRASIL

 

 

 

 

 

Sem sombra de dúvidas as espécies que compõem a família do traupídeos (ou subfamília Thraupinae da família Emberezidae), como as saíras e gaturamos, estão entre as aves mais coloridas e bonitas do nosso país.

A família thraupidae ocorre nas Américas (região Neotropical), sendo uma das maiores famílias americanas.

As aves do gênero Tangara, conhecidas por saíras, são de extrema delicadeza e beleza, pois ostentam uma variedade de cores incríveis.

Os traupídeos são aves insetívoras e frugívoras, na sua grande maioria.

A vocalização normalmente compõe-se de um chiado, nada melodioso. Talvez para “ compensar a belezas destas aves”.

Espécies que ocorrem no Brasil:

– Família Thraupinae (tanager)

• – Orchesticus abeillei,, Brown Tanager
• – Schistochlamys ruficapillus, Cinnamon Tanager
• – Schistochlamys melanopis, Black-faced Tanager
• – Neothraupis fasciata; White-banded Tanager
• – Cypsnagra hirundinacea, White-rumped Tanager
• – Conothraupis mesoleuca, Cone-billed Tanager
• – Conothraupis speculigera, Black-and-white Tanager
• – Lamprospiza melanoleuca, Red-billed Pied Tanager
• – Cissopis leveriana, Magpie Tanager
• – Sericossypha loricata, Scarlet-throated Tanager
• – Pyrrhocoma ruficeps; Chestnut-headed Tanager
• – Thlypopsis sordida; Orange-headed Tanager
• – Hemithraupis guira; Guira Tanager
• – Hemithraupis ruficapilla , Rufous-headed Tanager
• – Hemithraupis flavicollis, Yellow-backed Tanager
• – Nemosia pileata, Hooded Tanager
• – Nemosia rourei; Cherry-throated Tanager
• – Mitrospingus oleagineus; Olive-backed tanager
• – Orthogonys chloricterus; Olive-green Tanager
• – Eucometis penicillata; Grey-headed Tanager
• – Lanio fulvus; Fulvous Shrike-Tanager
• – Lanio versicolor; White-winged Shrike-Tanager
• – Tachyphonus cristatus; Flame-crested Tanager
• – Tachyphonus nattereri; “Natterer’s” Tanager
• – Tachyphonus surinamus; Fulvous-crested Tanager
• – Tachyphonus phoenicius; Red-shouldered Tanager
• – Tachyphonus rufiventer; Yellow-crested Tanager
• – Tachyphonus luctuosus; White-shouldered Tanager
• – Tachyphonus coronatu; Ruby-crowned Tanager
• – Tachyphonus rufus; White-lined Tanager
• – Tricothraupis melanops; Black-goggled Tanager
• – Habia rubica; Red-crowned Ant-Tanager
• – Piranga flava; Lowland Hepatic-Tanager
• – Piranga rubra; Summer Tanager
• – Piranga olivacea; Scarlet Tanager
• – Piranga leucopter; White-winged Tanager
• – Ramphocelus nigrogularis; Masked Crimson Tanager
• – Ramphocelus carbo; Silver-beaked Tanager
• – Ramphocelus bresilius; Brazilian Tanager
• – Thraupis episcopus; Blue-grey Tanager
• – Thraupis sayaca; Sayaca Tanager
• – Thraupis cyanoptera; Azure-shouldered Tanager
• – Thraupis ornata; Golden-chevroned Tanager
• – Thraupis palmarum; Palm Tanager
• – Thraupis bonariensis; Blue-and-yellow Tanager
• – Cyanicterus cyanicterus; Blue-backed Tanager
• – Stephanophorus diadematus; Diademed Tanager
• – Pipraeidea melanota; Fawn-breasted Tanager
• – Euphonia plumbea; Plumbeous Euphonia
• – Euphonia chlorotica; Purple-throated Euphonia
• – Euphonia finschi; Finsch’s Euphonia
• – Euphonia violacea; Violaceous Euphonia
• – Euphonia laniirostris; Thick-billed Euphonia
• – Euphonia chalybea; Green-chinned (-throated) Euphonia
• – Euphonia cyanocephala;Golden-rumped Euphonia
• – Euphonia chrysopasta; White-lored (Golden-bellied) Euphonia
• – Euphonia minuta; White-vented Euphonia
• – Euphonia xanthogaster; Orange-bellied Euphonia
• – Euphonia rufiventris; Rufous-bellied Euphonia
• – Euphonia pectoralis; Chestnut-bellied Euphonia
• – Euphonia cayenennsis; Golden-sided Euphonia
• – Chlorophonia cyanea; Blue-naped Chlorophonia
• – Tangara mexicana; Turquoise Tanager
• – Tangara chilensis; Paradise Tanager
• – Tangara fastuosa; Seven-coloured Tanager
• – Tangara seledon; Green-headed Tanager
• – Tangara cyanocephala; Red-necked Tanager
• – Tangara desmaresti; Brassy-breasted Tanager
• – Tangara cyanoventris; Gilt-edged Tanager
• – Tangara schrankii; Green-and-gold Tanager
• – Tangara punctata; Spotted Tanager
• – Tangara guttata; Speckled Tanager
• – Tangara xanthogastra; Yellow-bellied Tanager
• – Tangara varia; Dotted Tanager
• – Tangara gyrola; Bay-headed Tanager
• – Tangara cayana; Burnished-buff Tanager
• – Tangara peruviana; Black-backed Tanager
• – Tangara cyanicollis ; Blue-necked Tanager
• – Tangara nigrocincta; Masked Tanager
• – Tangara cyanoptera; Black-headed Tanager
• – Tangara velia; Opal-rumped Tanager
• – Tangara callophrys; Opal-crowned Tanager
• – Dacnis albiventris; White-bellied Dacnis
• – Dacnis lineata; Black-faced Dacnis
• – Dacnis flaviventer; Yellow-bellied Dacnis
• – Dacnis nigripes; Black-legged Dacnis
• – Dacnis cayana; Blue Dacnis
• – Chlorophanes spiza; Green Honeycreeper
• – Cyanerpes nitidus; Short-billed Honeycreeper
• – Cyanerpes caeruleus; Purple Honeycreeper
• – Cyanerpes cyaneus; Red-legged Honeycreeper
• – Diglossa major; Greater Flower-piercer
• – Diglossa duidae; Scaled Flower-piercer
• – Conirostrum speciosum; Chestnut-vented Conebill
• – Conirostrum bicolor; Bicoloured Conebill
• – Conirostrum margaritae; Pearly-breasted Conebill
• – Tersina viridis; Swallow-Tanager

 

Obs: Tersina viridis; Swallow-Tanager – para alguns ornitólogos esta espécie pertence à família Tersinidae

Bibliografia consultada

– DUNNING, JOHN S. South American Birds. A Photographic Aid to Identification. Harrowood Books.1987.

– HOWARD, RICHARD and MOORE, ALICE. A complete checklist of the

birds of the world. Academic Press.1991.

– SCHAUENSEE, RODOLPHE MEYER DE . A guide to the birds of South America. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philalphia. 1970.

– SICK, Helmut. Ornitologia Brasileira. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1997

– SOUZA, DEODATO. Todas as aves do Brasil. Editora DALL. 1998